Holdback
A contractual restriction preventing a film from being released in certain markets or formats for a specified time.
Definition
A holdback is a contractual provision restricting a film's release on certain platforms or territories for a specified period. Holdbacks protect exclusivity—a theatrical distributor might require a holdback preventing streaming release for 90 days after theatrical opens.
Holdback negotiations have become increasingly contentious as streaming platforms push for shorter windows while theatrical exhibitors fight to maintain their exclusive periods.
Why It Matters
Holdbacks directly impact when audiences can access content and how much revenue each distribution channel generates. They're central to the ongoing theatrical-streaming conflict.
Understanding holdbacks helps explain release strategies and why certain films aren't immediately available on preferred platforms.
Examples in Practice
A theater chain requiring 45-day holdbacks before films appear on the studio's streaming platform.
International holdbacks preventing a film's release in certain countries until the domestic campaign concludes.
A streaming platform paying premium prices to reduce or eliminate theatrical holdback requirements.