Spec Script
A screenplay written without commission or assignment, created on speculation of future sale.
Definition
A spec script (speculative screenplay) is written without a contract, commission, or guarantee of payment—created "on spec" in hopes of selling it or using it as a writing sample. Specs demonstrate a writer's voice and ability, serving as calling cards or potential acquisitions.
The spec market fluctuates with industry economics. Bidding wars for hot specs generate headlines, but most specs serve primarily as samples that lead to assignment work. Original specs are distinct from "spec pilots" written to demonstrate an ability to write for existing shows.
Why It Matters
For screenwriters, specs are often the path to breaking in—demonstrating ability through completed work rather than pitches. Understanding what makes specs effective (commercial concepts, distinct voice, executable budgets) improves chances of success.
Even established writers may write specs to pursue passion projects outside their usual work.
Examples in Practice
A writer's spec sells for $1 million in a bidding war, launching their career after years of writing on speculation.
A spec that doesn't sell nevertheless impresses executives who hire the writer for assignment work based on demonstrated ability.
A working writer crafts a passion project spec between assignments, eventually getting it made with their accumulated leverage.