Storyboard
A sequence of illustrated panels that visually plan out shots and scenes before filming begins.
Definition
A storyboard is a visual planning tool that translates the screenplay into a shot-by-shot sequence of illustrations or images. Each panel represents a camera angle, movement, or composition, giving the entire production team a shared visual reference for how scenes will be filmed.
Storyboards range from simple pencil sketches to detailed digital illustrations, depending on the production's budget and complexity. Action sequences, visual effects shots, and commercials typically require the most detailed storyboarding.
Why It Matters
Storyboarding saves significant time and money during production by resolving creative decisions before cameras roll. When a director and cinematographer have pre-visualized every shot, the set runs more efficiently and costly on-set experimentation is minimized.
For projects with visual effects or complex action sequences, storyboards are essential for budgeting and scheduling. They help VFX supervisors plan their work and allow producers to accurately estimate post-production costs.
Examples in Practice
An action film director creates 3,000 storyboard panels for a chase sequence, enabling the stunt team to plan every vehicle movement and camera position weeks in advance.
A commercial production uses storyboards to win client approval before a single day of shooting, aligning everyone on the creative vision and reducing costly revisions.
An independent filmmaker uses simple hand-drawn storyboards to communicate their vision to investors, helping secure financing for their debut feature.