On Background
An agreement where information shared with a journalist can be published but not attributed to the source by name.
Definition
"On background" is a journalist-source agreement where the information provided can be used and published, but the source's identity is not disclosed by name. Instead, the source is described with a general attribution like "a senior company official," "a person familiar with the matter," or "an industry insider." The specific attribution language is typically negotiated between the reporter and source.
On background sits between "on the record" (everything can be quoted and attributed) and "off the record" (information cannot be published at all). It must be agreed upon by both parties before the information is shared.
Why It Matters
Background agreements enable the flow of important information to the public while protecting sources who might face professional consequences for speaking openly. For PR professionals, understanding these conventions is essential for managing media relationships and controlling how information reaches the public.
Strategically, going on background allows organizations to share context, correct misperceptions, and guide reporting without being directly quoted. This is especially valuable during sensitive situations like negotiations, leadership changes, or competitive matters.
Examples in Practice
A company's PR team arranges a background briefing with technology reporters before a major product announcement, ensuring coverage is well-informed and accurate without revealing details before the official launch.
During a crisis, a spokesperson provides context "on background" to key journalists, helping them understand the nuance of the situation without the company being quoted in a way that could complicate legal proceedings.
An executive goes on background with a reporter to explain their industry's challenges, resulting in a deeply informed article that shapes policy discussion without exposing the executive to competitive backlash.